AI News Today

arXiv:2607.01420v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As grounded QA systems are increasingly deployed in AI assistants, accurately attributing generated answers to evidence is critical for user trust and model safety. While unimodal attributions have been explored in depth, the multimodal setting remains relatively under-researched. As a result, we introduce MultAttnAttrib, a training-free attribution-generation method that leverages a model's prefill pass, selected attention heads, and calibrated th

arXiv:2607.01431v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We introduce ISOSCI, a benchmark of isomorphic cross-domain science problem pairs that separates reasoning ability from domain knowledge retrieval in LLM evaluation. Each pair shares identical logical structure but requires different domain-specific knowledge, enabling controlled attribution of reasoning-mode gains. Across five model pairs spanning four model families, we find that 91.3% of reasoning-mode gains are knowledge-dependent rather than s

arXiv:2607.01440v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Faithful reasoning is essential in medicine, where clinical decisions require transparent justification grounded in reliable evidence. Current medical LLMs either lack active access to evidence or use retrieved evidence without supervising how it should be appraised and applied during reasoning. To address this, we formalize evidence-based medicine principles as process-level criteria and introduce FaithMed, a framework that combines clinician-desi

arXiv:2607.01457v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to resume optimization for applicant tracking systems, introducing hallucination failures distinct from general text generation: anachronistic technology injection, cross-domain terminology contamination, structural mutation, and content fabrication. We present Grounded Optimization, a five-layer framework combining temporal context validation, deterministic contamination detection, structural i

arXiv:2607.01464v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Text scaling, the task of positioning political actors on an ideological scale, is a fundamental task in political analysis. To ease the need for manual analysis, various NLP methods have been proposed for this task, including classification- and regression-based approaches, showing successes as well as limitations. The goal of our paper is to consolidate the state of the art in this area. We ask two questions: (a) Can the performance of scaling me

arXiv:2607.01517v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: How far can a language model improve under a strict artifact budget? Parameter Golf posed this question as an open community challenge in which participants trained the best language model, with the complete artifact (training code + compressed weights) required to fit within 16 MB and be trained in under ten minutes on 8xH100 SXM GPUs. Quality was measured in bits-per-byte (BPB), the average number of bits required to encode each byte of unseen te

arXiv:2607.01557v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with persuasion in high-stakes scenarios. People's individual personalities and concerns require tailored strategies rather than a one-size-fits-all approach. To address this challenge, we focus on a fire-rescue scenario in which an operator must persuade a resident to evacuate as a high-stakes persuasion domain and propose Dialogue Policy Selection (DiPS), a Q-learning framework to dynamically select per

arXiv:2607.01581v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The capacity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to reason about pedagogical intent within instructional communication remains underexplored, particularly in educational domains such as translation pedagogy. To address this, we propose the \textbf{Adaptive Pedagogical Vigilance (APV)} framework, a novel computational formalism that reframes communicative vigilance as an adaptive mechanism for optimizing learning through intent inference. APV formalizes

arXiv:2607.01602v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: SRAM-based FPGAs provide an attractive platform for energy- and latency-constrained CNN inference at the network edge, yet transient faults can lead to silent errors that compromise reliability. Always-on redundancy (e.g., full TMR) improves correctness but incurs substantial performance and energy overhead, while reactive recovery may introduce unacceptable latency on the critical path. We propose \textbf{ProWAFT}, a proactive workload-aware fault

arXiv:2607.01733v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Speech-LLM integration has shown promising results by leveraging extensive textual pretraining, yet its specific benefits for automatic speech recognition (ASR) remain unclear. We observe that as supervised ASR training data increases, the contribution of LLM priors becomes less evident, and simple speech-text joint training under-utilizes textual knowledge. We therefore propose Joint Speech-Text Interleaved Pretraining (JSTIP), an ASR-oriented pre

arXiv:2607.01792v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: While decoder-only LLMs excel at a vast array of natural language tasks, it suffers from an asymmetric information flow induced by causal attention: later tokens are richer in contextual grounding than earlier ones. A simple and effective remedy is prompt repetition -- just appending a second copy of prompt before generation can redistribute grounding across positions and improve reasoning performance. However, full repetition of the original promp

arXiv:2607.01306v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Counterfactual explanations explain machine learning predictions by identifying minimal input changes that would alter a model's decision. Although many existing methods successfully generate prediction-changing alternatives, they often produce unrealistic or infeasible recommendations due to a lack of explicit mechanisms for incorporating domain knowledge and intervention constraints. Neuro-symbolic AI offers a promising direction by combining dat

arXiv:2607.01366v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Federated learning (FL) research often depends on many small but consequential algorithmic choices: optimizer variants, server aggregation rules, local training schedules, normalization, regularization, and model architecture. These choices are expensive to explore manually and difficult to compare fairly when candidate changes can also alter the FL training or evaluation path. In this work, we present Auto-FL-Research (AFR), a constrained coding-a

arXiv:2607.01394v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present Wiola, a fully original Small Language Model (SLM) architecture built from first principles, sharing no structural lineage with any existing model family including GPT, LLaMA, Mistral, or Falcon. Wiola introduces five independently novel components: (i) Spiral Rotary Positional Encoding (SRPE), which embeds token positions on a three-dimensional helical manifold combining absolute, relative, and hierarchical positional signals; (ii) Gate

arXiv:2607.01425v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Understanding large, complex codebases, especially those with obfuscated structures and incomplete documentation, remains a significant challenge. Existing code summarization solutions often rely on a single language model or coding assistant like Claude Code, and treat source code as flat text, underutilizing the rich interdependencies and hierarchical information within a repository. To address these shortcomings, we propose Agent4cs - a multi-ag

arXiv:2607.01426v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous customer-service agents are shifting from conversational interfaces toward operational execution roles: they retrieve firm records, apply service policies, and execute backend writes such as refunds, cancellations, exchanges, order modifications, and reservation changes. This shift creates a service-control problem: firms must keep routine service fast and low-friction while preventing operational errors on requests where customer instru

arXiv:2607.01433v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Divergent thinking is a crucial aspect of creativity, yet large language models (LLMs) tend to consistently generate similar responses to open-ended questions, in what has been termed the artificial hivemind effect. Here, we introduce CreativityNeuro, a data-free method for enhancing divergent thinking in LLMs via contrastive weight steering. We evaluate our method across multiple creativity assessments and report several main findings. On the Dive

arXiv:2607.01436v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion language models, which generate text by denoising a token canvas bidirectionally instead of emitting tokens left to right, have become competitive with autoregressive (AR) generation. Medical foundation models, however, remain almost entirely autoregressive. We adapt a mixture-of-experts diffusion language model, DiffusionGemma-26B, and benchmark it against its same-size AR sibling Gemma-4-26B under an identical LoRA recipe on medical vis

arXiv:2607.01465v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models are trained to predict the next token, not to act inside a specific API. In niche enterprise SaaS workflows -- where success means hitting the right endpoint with the right nested arguments in the right order -- this objective mismatch shows up as silent failures: dropped required fields, hallucinated tools, or early stops after a single read. We ask whether Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR), applied direct

arXiv:2607.01470v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Clinical protocol-execution tasks -- checking a lab value, applying a threshold, placing a correctly structured FHIR order -- are natural candidates for RL from world feedback: once clinical SMEs encode decision logic into a verifier, that verifier grades unlimited rollouts without per-episode annotation. But applying RL requires a sound feedback channel and sufficient base capability. We audit MedAgentBench v1/v2, find a 41.7\% silent-finish ceili

arXiv:2607.01507v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Empirical research rarely admits a unique analysis. Different analytical choices can lead to different conclusions from the same data, yet these hidden forking paths are difficult to observe. We show that AI agents capture much of the analytical variation among human researchers while making these paths explicit. Across four high-stakes domains, assigning different personas is sufficient for AI agents to report divergent, often opposing, conclusion

arXiv:2607.01510v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI agents that autonomously execute tool calls on a user's behalf raise pressing questions about permission management: what role could users play, and what role should they play? Despite many proposed approaches, the user's role in agentic permission management remains under explored. We introduce Janus, a playground system for implementing and evaluating user-involved agentic permission management designs. Janus consists of two components: Janus-

arXiv:2607.01511v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning has emerged as an effective approach for activating latent reasoning capabilities in large language models. However, most existing CoT methods use reasoning chains mainly as inference-time prompts, while the generated reasoning traces are rarely reused as semi-supervised learning signals. In this report, we define \textbf{Semi-supervised Chain-of-Thought Learning} and propose \textbf{Semi-CoT}, a simple framework th

arXiv:2607.01531v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning how an environment behaves from interaction is central to building agents that adapt to unfamiliar tasks. World models learned with deep networks are flexible but data-hungry and transfer poorly beyond their training distribution. Program-synthesized world models, written as source code by LLMs and refined through counterexample-guided inductive synthesis (CEGIS), are instead data-efficient and reusable, yet they have been demonstrated mai

arXiv:2607.01584v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models have recently been explored for scientific hypothesis generation, but most prior work relies on unstructured literature and free-form textual claims. We present a pipeline for Earth observation that grounds hypothesis generation directly in the NASA Earth Observation Knowledge Graph. A heterogeneous graph neural network trained on historical co-usage relations ranks candidate dataset pairings, and a three-agent LLM pipeline fi

arXiv:2607.01590v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Developing high-performance kernels for Neural Processing Units (NPUs) is a critical industry bottleneck, requiring developers to manually navigate implicit hardware constraints and strict memory hierarchies. While large language models offer immense automation potential, they fail catastrophically on NPUs due to a fundamental lack of hardware-specific priors. Naively transplanting code snippets from similar NPU kernels may pass the compiler, but i

arXiv:2607.01595v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As the scale and complexity of cloud-based AI systems continue to escalate, ensuring service reliability through rapid fault detection and adaptive recovery has become a critical challenge. While existing approaches integrate Large Language Models (LLMs) for semantic understanding and Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) for policy optimization, they often rely on sequential, loosely coupled architectures that underutilize the generative and reasoning

arXiv:2607.01601v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large scale document deduplication must preserve semantic equivalence while remaining efficient over massive corpora. We present SemHash LLM, a multi granularity framework that unifies semantic projection hashing, attention weighted MinHash, contrastive boundary learning, and selective LLM based adjudication. The method combines character, token, and document level signals through gated fusion, then applies a cascaded filtering pipeline for efficie

arXiv:2607.01610v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Counterfactual explanation (CE) is widely used to enhance the interpretability of machine learning models and support data-driven decision-making based on model predictions. However, existing CE methods typically require two exogenously specified inputs: a desired output value (target) and a distance function that quantifies changes in explanatory variables. In regression settings, neither the validity of target specification nor the practical inte

arXiv:2607.01612v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Training large language models (LLMs) with reinforcement learning (RL) has significantly advanced their performance on reasoning and question-answering tasks. However, prevailing RL reward designs typically prioritize response correctness, neglecting to incentivize models to express their confidence accurately. This leads to a critical problem: performance gains are often accompanied by poor calibration between confidence and accuracy, misleading m

arXiv:2607.01639v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Universal traffic laws describe recurrent patterns in congestion, mobility and driving behavior across cities, providing a scientific basis for transportation planning, management and control. Their discovery, however, remains expert-driven, requiring candidate regularities to be identified from heterogeneous observational evidence or validated through intervention experiments. Although autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) systems have advanced

arXiv:2607.00784v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision-language pretraining remains dominated by contrastive objectives, whereas vision-only self-supervised learning has largely adopted non-contrastive methods. At the same time, the role of vision-language encoders has shifted: they are increasingly deployed not as zero-shot classifiers but as the frozen visual backbone of vision-language models and dense prediction systems, which consume the full grid of patch tokens rather than a single pooled

arXiv:2607.00885v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent advances in neural rendering have established 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) as a highly efficient representation for novel view synthesis, enabling fast training and real-time rendering with strong fidelity. However, when supervision is limited to sparse input views, 3DGS tends to overfit to the observed images and generalize poorly to unseen viewpoints. We address this challenge from the perspective of flat minima (FM) optimization, which se

arXiv:2607.00889v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present DeWorldSG, a novel framework that generates spatio-temporally robust 3D Semantic Scene Graphs from RGB-D sequences. Existing methods often struggle to construct reliable 3D scene graphs due to unstable 3D object representations and missing relations caused by frame-wise inference. DeWorldSG addresses these issues by estimating instance-level geometric 3D Gaussian distributions through depth-guided filtering and representing each object a

arXiv:2607.00927v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) have demonstrated impressive performance in image generation but suffer from substantial computational overhead and resource consumption. Post-training pruning offers a promising solution; however, due to DiTs' unique architectural design and parameter distribution, traditional pruning methods are inapplicable, leading to significant performance degradation. Specifically, prior methods developed for LLMs, which derive

arXiv:2607.00955v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Implicit neural representations (INRs) are well suited to cardiac motion estimation, providing continuous, compact representations of motion fields. However, fitting an INR to each image sequence is time-consuming and sensitive to the optimisation trajectory. Learned priors can help guide optimisation towards plausible motion fields and enable faster adaptation, but learning priors for cardiac motion INRs remains under-explored. In this work, we co

arXiv:2607.00975v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Chest X-ray multi-label classification is a core task in intelligent medical imaging diagnosis. However, real clinical data often exhibit extreme long-tailed distributions, leading to degraded performance on rare diseases in tail classes. This issue is not only driven by data scarcity but also by two intrinsic factors:1) attenuation of tail-class lesion representations under complex anatomical backgrounds, and 2) dominance of head classes in modeli

arXiv:2607.01131v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous scientific discovery systems offer the potential to accelerate research by automating the process of hypothesis generation and validation. However, current systems operate within constrained search spaces or require predefined research questions, limiting their capacity for true open-ended inquiry. Furthermore, while they generate hypotheses iteratively, they largely lack the ability to explicitly synthesize their own accumulated finding

arXiv:2607.01202v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present World from Motion, a method for generating freely renderable dynamic 3D Gaussian representations from monocular videos. Our approach conditions a video model on dense, pixel-aligned renderings that encode appearance, geometry, and 3D scene motion along both input and target camera trajectories to correct rendering artifacts and fill in missing regions from an initial reconstruction. To train this model, we construct a dataset of aligned

arXiv:2607.01018v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reading order inference remains a critical bottleneck in the digitization of complex historical manuscripts, where pages contain multiple spatially interleaved reading streams, the canonical example being the Glossa Ordinaria layout, in which a central text is surrounded by commentaries that wrap around it in non-rectangular, non-convex regions. We present a training-free, graph-based framework: each OCR text line becomes a node in a directed can